用γ计数率的变化定位核元件的技术研究

用标准放射源进行模拟核材料库房监控实验,当放射源被转移出系统的时候,在不同位置探测了γ计数率变化,根据γ计数率变化的距离平方反比规律实现了被转移的放射源的定位,并估算了该放射源的源强.     

同轴双无衍射光的理论与实验

提出同轴双无衍射光的概念。如果两束汇聚角略有不同的同轴无衍射光同时存在，则它们相互之间叠加干涉后产生一种纵向呈周期变化的光场结构，这是一种新的光束空间分布，这种光束在横向仍是一种同心环光斑，可用于精密对准。而在不同纵向位置，这些同心环的强度分布是不同的，且是周期性变化的。同轴双无衍射光的轴向周期性可用于沿光束传播方向的定位。文中提出了双环缝法、分段圆锥透镜法、正弦相位环光栅法等实现同轴双无衍射光的理论与实验方法，分析了同轴双无衍射光的横向与纵向传播的衍射光斑特性，理论计算与实验测量的结果基本相符合。     

Analysis and implementation of cross sync period underwater acoustical positioning techniques for underwater targets

I.IlltroductionWhenanactiveunderwateracousticalpositioningsystemissearchingforanunderwatertarget,itisnecessaryforittocompleteatransmittingandreceivingcycIewithineachworkingperiodinordertofindoutthelocationofthetargetcorrectly.Forexample,whenanunder-wateracoustica1synchronouspositioningsystemistrackinganunderwatertargetwithagivensynchr0nizingperiod,thepropagati0ntimeofthepositioningsignaltravellingfr0mthetaJrgettothearrayofthesystemshouldbelessthanthesynchronizingperiod0therwisetargetdis-tance…     

Near-optimal design of Global Positioning System (GPS) networks using the Tabu Search technique

This paper describes an optimization technique based on an heuristic procedure which is applied to analyse and improve the efficiency of the design of Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying networks. GPS is a valuable survey tool because of its ability to increase the accuracy, speed and flexibility of a survey. A GPS network can be defined as a number of stations, which are co-ordinated by a series of sessions, formed by placing receivers on stations. The goal is to select the best order in which these sessions can be organised to give the best possible schedule. Generally, solving large networks to optimality requires impractical computational time. This paper proposes a Tabu Search technique which provides optimal or near-optimal solutions for large networks with an acceptable amount of computational effort. Computational results for several case studies with known and unknown optimal schedules have been presented to assess the performance of the proposed technique.     

对地观测平台恒星敏感器离焦成像折中设计分析

从对地观测平台角秒量级姿态确定需求出发,在构建星敏感器惯性系成像模型的基础上指出,恒星在成像面上的定位误差是星敏感器姿态确定误差的主要来源。同时,结合理想光学系统离焦模型,分析了星敏感器主要性能指标间的量化关系,并给出了成像面定位误差最低限。仿真结果表明,从优化系统性能考虑,成像模糊区直径为2~3个像元的配置是利用星敏感器焦平面的“轻微离焦”来实现亚像元定位的最佳方案,定位误差可达0.2个像元,能够满足星敏感器惯性姿态确定精度4″~5″的要求。理论分析和数值仿真结果可为后续星敏感器指标的提出及仪器设计提供技术参考。     

风云三号C星全球导航卫星掩星探测仪首次实现北斗掩星探测

全球导航卫星掩星探测仪(GNOS)是国际首台北斗系统(BDS)和全球定位系统(GPS)双系统兼容掩星探测仪, 2013年9月23日随风云三号卫星C星(FY3 C)发射入轨, 目前已测得大量掩星数据. 介绍了FY3 C-GNOS的组成; 统计了2013年10月12日全天的FY3 C-GNOS掩星事件及其全球分布情况; 通过与GPS精密定轨结果进行对比分析, 测试了BDS在轨实时定位精度, 检验了BDS掩星产品的可靠性和一致性. 初步分析结果表明: 14颗BDS卫星在轨运营的条件下, BDS和GPS兼容掩星探测仪可将掩星事件数提高约33.3%; BDS实时定位平均偏差优于6 m, 标准偏差优于7 m; 5-25 km高度范围内, BDS与GPS内符合精度大气折射率优于2%, 温度优于2 K, 湿度优于1.5 g/kg, 压强优于2%, 电离层峰值密度优于15.6%. GNOS的在轨正常运行及BDS与GPS掩星定位精度及反演产品的一致性为北斗掩星探测的业务化运行奠定了基础.     

多传感器融合技术在低成本车辆组合导航定位系统中的应用

采用多传感器信息融合技术，运用位置/航向的输出校正和元件参数误差的补偿校正的方法，利用一阶马尔可夫模型建立了传感器参数的误差模型，提出了基于集中卡尔曼滤波的GPS/INU车辆组合导航算法。仿真结果表明上述方法是行之有效的。     

对新时期分析测试中心定位的思考

就如何理解和看待新时期分析测试中心的定位和发展,如何解决分析测试中心在结构和管理上存在的固有问题提出了粗略的观点.希望对分析测试中心的发展起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

室内空气中甲醛浓度的测定

目的为了快速准确的测定高校室内空气中甲醛浓度。方法采用乙酰丙酮分光光度法,对计算机房、物理实验室、化学实验室三个房间的甲醛浓度进行了测定分析。结果相对于化学实验室来说,计算机房的甲醛浓度多了0.77倍;物理实验室的甲醛浓度比化学实验室的多了0.98倍。结论室内空气质量可能会受新房对甲醛的释放时间以及室内新家具的存放时间影响;乙酰丙酮分光光度法具有简便、易控制、成本低等优点,可以广泛使用于普通室内甲醛浓度的测定。     

A highly sensitive and rapid biological probe enhanced real-time immuno-polymerase chain reaction for detecting 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether in indoor airborne particles

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are bromine flame retardants that are widely distributed in the environment. In this study, 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) was used as a model PBDE compound. Based on the preparation of BDE-47 immunogen, coating antigen and polyclonal anti-BDE-47 antibody, a highly sensitive and rapid real-time immuno-polymerase chain reaction using biological probes (BP-IPCR) was developed to detect BDE-47 in indoor airborne particles. Several physiochemical factors that might influence the assay performance were optimised, such as OVA-BDE-47 and the biological probe concentration, primer concentration and annealing temperature. Under the optimal conditions, a standard curve was constructed with BDE-47 concentrations ranging from 5 pg L^?1 to 50 ng L^?1. The limit of detection was 1.32 pg L^?1. The BP-IPCR assay was highly selective, presenting low cross-reactivity values with BDE-47 analogues (below 5.26%). The recoveries of spiked samples were 92.6–107.9% and the coefficients of variation were 3.7–8.8%. The BP-IPCR data for the detection of BDE-47 in indoor airborne particles was consistent with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry findings (R² = 0.9849). This immunoassay is sensitive and reliable; it can be used for specific and sensitive batch detection of BDE-47 in environmental samples.